Vane type fluid motor



March 3l, 1953 J. A. I AsA'rl-:R

VANE TYPE FLUID MOTOR 2 SHEETS-SHEET l Filed May 16, 1950 imam EBunch-Eno o nEsm 2595 March 3l, 1953 w, w/ awww a second inlet port 35on the other side of partition 32 similarly admits fluid for driving thepaddle and shaft in the opposite direction. Although these ports 34 and35 are here shown as entering the casing I outside the limits ofpartition block 32, it will be obvious that entry along the block sidesWithin the limits of those sides may in some cases be preferred.

The named operating fluid admitted through the aforesaid ports 34 and 35may take the form either of compressed air or of oil or other liquidunder pressure; and it may be supplied to the hydraulic motor throughany suitable piping arrangement such as that shown by Fig. 1 asincluding a pump or compressor 31 which feeds through pressure line 38into control valve 39 and thence through one or the other of conduits 40and 4I to one or the other of the aforesaid inlet ports 34 and 35.

The fluid pressure called for by such a system may be as high as 500 oreven 1000 lbs. per square inch, and considerable difficulty has in thepast been encountered in sealing the various parts of a fluid motoragainst such pressures. The present invention overcomes this difficultyin the practical and satisfactory manner now to be explained.

Looking rst at the shaft-carried paddle or vane 2l, each side thereof isprovided with a leather packing 43 having the cup shape best shown byFig. 4. This shape is such that the upturned edge of the leather cupfits on all sides against the surrounding wall of casing bore II andestablishes a leak-proof seal therewith. A retaining plate 44 urgedtowards the gasketed paddle face by four screws 45 (two on each side)holds each packing 43 in proper place thereagainst.

Similar packings 43' are provided on the two sides of the partitionblock 32 where they are retained in place by plates 44'; these partsbeing generally similar to the corresponding parts on vane 2 I. It willbe noted that one edge of each of these block packings 43 contacts theenlarged shaft portion 20a. and thus prevents flow of the operatingfluid from either side of vane 2l towards the other between partitionblock 32 and said shaft portion; it already having been seen that saidoperating fluid for rotating the vane 2I and shaft 2D is admitted intothe casing interior through one or the other of ports 34 and 35.

Also provided between the two shoulder faces of enlarged shaft portion20a and the abutting inner faces of body end plates I2 and I3 are O ringpackings 41 carried in grooves in those plate faces and serving toprevent flow of high pressure fluid from the casing bore I I inwardlyalong said shoulder faces and thence outwardly along the main shaft 20towards each of the bearings I1 and I8 which support the shaft. Suchfluidflow stoppage is supplemented at bearing I8 by the cap 23 and itssealing O ring 25, and at bearing I1 by the cap 26 and the shaft packing29 which additionally assists in confining the operating fluid to withinthe motor interior.

Overtravel of the shaft-carried vane or paddle 2I in either direction isprevented by stop bars 48 mounted on the retaining plates 44 for thevane packings 43 and there positioned to abut with cooperating stop bars49 carried by the retaining plates 44' for the partition block packings43. Each of these stop bars 48-49 may be secured to its carrying plate44 in any suitable manner, such as by welding; and in the arrange- 4ment shown each bar extends axially (i. e. parallel to motor shaft alongthe associated plate intermediate the two plate-holding screws 45 (onlyone shown in Fig. 3) that are closest to the enlarged shaft portion 20a.The use of larger stop bars 48 each mounted more centrally of itscarrying plate 44 also may be preferred in certain instances.

From Fig. 3 it will be seen that each of these vane-carried stop bars 48will bear against its cooperating stationary or block-carrying stop bar49 while the edge of the vane packing 43 is still spaced from the facingedge of the blockcarried packing 43 being approached. This'safeguardsboth packings against injury due t'o arrival of the shaft-carried vane2I at either ex- Y treme in its range of rotation travel.

Looking further at the 0 ring gaskets designated as I5, 25 and 25 inFig. 2 and the O ring packings designated as. 41 in the same view, eachof these takes the form of a complete unbroken ring of highly resilientsynthetic rubber having a circumferential length suitable for fittinginto the particular groove provided therefor in the motor part to besealed. In cross section each of these O rings has the circular shapeshown at (a) in Fig. 5; the original or undistorted cross sectionaldiameter thereof being somewhat greater, than Vthe height and widthdimensions of the groove that is to accommodate the ring.

A tting of the O ring into said groove is therefore accompanied by thecompressive contour change thereof which each of the showings (b) and(c) of Fig. 5 indicates; said contour change making possible aleak-proof seal that is highly effective while being relativelyinexpensive and simple to install. In a hydraulic motor such as heredisclosed the resultant advantages are especially signicant; this newand unique sealing expedient having contributed markedly to thepractical operating success of the complete motor unit.

How that complete unit operates will have become apparent from theforegoing description of the component parts making up the unit..Referring to Fig. 1 the device or member 5I to be rotated, through arange here assumed to be is keyed to shaft 52 carried in bearing 53 andcoupled to shaft 20 of the hydraulic cylinder or motor in any suitablemanner as through cou.- Vpling 54; the motor half 55 of said couplingbe.- ing secured to shaft 20 as by the aid of a keyway shown at 56 inFig. 2, and the cylinder body or casing l0 being held stationary throughattachment of the casings end feet 51 to a mounting frame (not shown) orother suitable support.

In the representation of Fig. 1 the full lines show this member 5I afterhaving been moved by cylinder vane 2l to one extreme in its range of`rotative travel wherein said cylinder vane. 2,1 occupies the positionrepresented by each of Figs. 1 and 3, while the dotted lines show theposition that member 5I takes after said vane or paddle 2I has rotatedit (counterclockwise as viewed in Fig. 1) through 180 to the otherextreme in its tra'ial range. Y i

lIn the arrangement of Fig. 1 the last named rotative movement of shaft20 (clockwise as viewed in Fig. 3) can be produced by shifting controlvalve 39's central portion through 90 so that the valve ports 58 occupythe positions shown dotted. Fluid under pressure (as from pump 31)thereupon flows through line 38 and lvalve port 58al intoplpe 40 andthence through in the counterclockwise rotative -direction las viewedinmFig-elt (clockwise-astviewed in Fig.

3); the, fluid on the ctrirside o'fpadale 2| men` exhausting from thecylinder interior 'byifay orpassageasand vpiper(`` forfdischargeltli ughvalve port fb'intovexhaust lii'l59. Th'V aforesaid flow -f`uid-frompressur line 38 into "inlet 34will1if continuedcaiiseftliemotor-@shaft 20 to rotate memberffi in'whatishere designated as thereverse direction (counterclockwise viewed in Fig. 1) from the Lpositionshwniby fiillliiiesto"tlrepositiv h 'y dotted-lines.

iteturn 'f-member "5| m't e ,eppositerotative t.

(clockwise in Fig. 1 and counterclockwise in Fig.

2) and with it motor shaft 20 and member 5|.

Stoppage of the cylinder vane 2| and its carrying shaft 2U at anyintermediate position within the vane travel range is accomplishedsimply by shifting control valve 39s central portion 45 from the settingshown. This disconnects pressure and exhaust lines 38 and 59 from bothof pipes 40 and 4| and also closes each of those motor-connected pipesat its valve end; thereby confining inside of the cylinder I alloperating fluid that is on both sides of the vane 2|. Such valvemanipulation thus enables the rotated member 5| to be stopped and heldin any position desired.

The rotating cylinder construction herein disclosed and described offersa number of significant advantages. For example, the various componentparts thereof are easily manufactured and assembled, and the resultantcomplete device is exceedingly low in cost, rugged and compact indesign, and highly reliable in operation.

Moreover, for each diameter of the cylinder body l0 the torque capacityof the unit may readily be changed simply by varying the axial dimensionof said body I0 and of the enlarged shaft r dergoing no alterationincident to such change.

Thus the torque capacity of the illustrated cylinder may be doubled byproviding a vane 2| (and other cooperating parts) twice as long as thevane here shown; the cup-shaped packings 43- 43? being similarlylengthened.

Furthermore, the movable parts of the device have been sealed againstleakage of the operating fluid in a unique and superior manner throughthe disclosed use of cup-shaped packings 43 and 43 on the shaft vane 2|and on the partition block 32, and also through the disclosed use of 0ring packings 41 between the shoulders of enlarged shaft portion '20aand cooperating faces of the body end plates |2 and I3.

Still further, sealing of abutting stationary parts against leakage ofthev high pressure operating fluid also has been accomplished in animproved and superior manner through the disclosed use of O ring gasketsI5, 25 and 25 which gaskets fit into grooves therefor as shown and whicheffectively close any open spaces between the parts that abut alongthose grooves.

grasa-csf dralicrotating ylindera ydegree ofpracticability n'tiheretofore 1 attainable @inl :devices of this 4gen-` eral icharacter.4In consequnce'the limproved hydraulic motor ithere :shown has already.been ditions which vcould. not'satisfactorilyfbe dealt withlprior to'my.making .of-the `present invention;

One typical .installation which utilizes .-twelveof these f new`Ymot'ors is disclosed by ico-*pending application Serial 1No. 200 ,-899'.led- December `15,-

motors for core box turn over service.

The improvements of this invention are therefore extensive in theirapplication and hence also may be utilized with hydraulic rotatingcylinders which have constructional details differing from those hereshown and described by way of illustration.

What I claim is:

A vane type fluid motor comprising two centrally apertured diskscoaxially-arranged with adjacent faces having matching annular relievedportions coaxial with said disks and of generally U-shape cross section,a ring spacer disposed between and secured to each of said disksradially outward of said relieved portions thereby maintaining saiddisks in spaced relation, said ring spacer being coaxial with saiddisks, a shaft centrally received by the apertures in said disks andhaving a radially enlarged portion disposed between said disks with anaxial dimension substantially equal to the space between the two disksand extending radially to a point corresponding to the innermostextremity of the re lieved portions, said disks having an annular groovein the portions of the inner face that overlie the ring spacer and theradially enlarged portion of the shaft, toroidal seals disposed in saidgrooves and having a sectional diameter sufliciently greater than thedepth of the groove so that said seal is in compression engagement withthe disks and the associated ring spacer and radially enlarged portionof the shaft. bearing means rotatably supporting said shaft coaxially ofsaid disks, said bearing means being disposed on said shaft and snuglyreceived in counterbores adjacent the outer face of each of said disks,a cover means encompassing one end of said shaft, means including atoroidal seal sealably securing said cover means to the outer Y face ofthe adjacent disk, a cap member sealably secured to outer face of theother disk and having an opening through which the shaft projects withpacking material forceably retained in said opening in engagement withsaid shaft, a parti- 7j. 1 remaining portion o f the annular chamber andI- i REFERENCES CITED a' Cross section Substantially equal t0 that 0fThe following references are of record in the said annular chamber, aplate member secured to me of this patent: each of the ends ofthepartition block and the vane member that are expos-ed to the annular 5UNITED STATES PATENTS chamber, a resilient packing member secured be-Number Name Date tween said plate members and the ends of the 1,077,568Sullivan et a1 NOV- 4, 1913 partition block and the vane, said packingmem- 1,473,199 Peraza Nov. 6, 1923 ber having an upturned rim extendingaway from 1.7993294 GOugh Apr. 7, 1931 said ends and contacting thewalls of annular l0 2,465,761 Stande Mar. 29, 1949 chamber on allsidesj. and stop means secured to FOREIGN PATENTS each of said platesoperable to arrest movement of the vane at the extreme ends of itsrotationA Number Counry. Date prior to engagementof the lips ofadjacentpaek- 1'048 Great Bumm May 9 1855 ing members l Y l 15 7,560Great Britain Apr. 21, 1892 i 50,262 Switzerland Jans, 1910 485,545lGermany Nov. 1, 1929 JOHN-A. LASATER. 659,330 Germany Apr. 30, 1938

